Rohats district, a part of Patna division is a district of Bihar state with its administrative head quarters located at Sasaram, which is well known for its historical importance. The parallel bridges built over the Sone River, serving both railways and road at the same time, is another matter of pride for the Indian infrastructure. Jawahar Setu, the road bridge built in the year 1963–65, over the river Sone was the longest at 3061 meters in Asia until it was surpassed by the Mahatma Gandhi Setu at 5475 metres, over the river Ganges at Patna. The second longest railway bridge in the country i.e. Nehru Setu is located in this place. The district has also a strong fort of the medieval era called Rohtasgarh Fort. At present it is a part of the Red Corridor. In the year 1972 Rohtas was emerged as a separate district in the map of Bihar state.

Geographically, the district lies at 24°63'N latitude, 83°93'E longitude and 108 m Altitude. In the year 2021, there was a total 17.26% forest area of total geographical area. The district encompasses a geographical area of 3,881 sq. kms. and it is bounded by Buxar district and Bhojpur district on the north, Jharkhand state on the south west, Aurangabad district on the south east and east and Kaimur district on the west. The climate of the district is characterised as sub tropical climate. During summer the climate of the district remains dry hot and it remains fairly cold during the winter. Most of its rainfall occurs in the monsoon season. The actual rainfall in the district was 1198.5 mm. in the year of 2021-22.

Administration wise, the district is divided into 3 sub-divisions namely Sasaram, Bikramganj and Dehri. There are 2 Lok Sabha and 7 Assembly constituencies in the district. Moreover, the district comprises 10 towns and 2,072 villages. The administrative language in the district is Hindi.

According to 2011 the district has a population of 29,59,918 including 15,43,546 are males and 14,16,372 are females. The district has a sex ratio of 918 females for every 1000 males. During the year 2001-2011 the population growth rate in the district was 20.78% out of which 20.26% were males and 21.34% were females. As per 2011 census the major religion in the district is Hindu and Muslim with 89.37% and 10.15% of the total population. The population density in the district is 763 persons per sq. kms. According to 2011 census the principal language in the district is Hindi with 95.28%. In the year 2020 the number of live births in the district was 72,048 out of which 37,381 were males and 34,646 were females. In the same year the number of deaths in the district was 15,517 out of which 9,296 were males and 6,221 were females.

The economy of the district is solely dependent on agriculture. The adaptability of its farmers to the new agricultural technologies and ideas help to increase the production level of the various agricultural items. The chief agricultural products grows in the district are Paddy, wheat, etc. Every year a huge chunk of revenue comes from these agricultural products. Dalmianagar, a place in the district was a renowned industrial site till 1980. All the factories and mills of sugar, vegetable oil, cement, paper, and chemical factories in this place were closed at present. Dacoities, extortion and interference of the local mafias in the trade and commerce led to the downfall of this place. There are lots of coal mines at Dehri on Sone, which also help in its economy to some extent. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj declared Rohtas as one of the country's 250 most backward districts and currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). In the year 2011-12 the gross domestic product in the district was Rs. 6,73,834 lakhs at current price and Rs. 4,01,218 lakhs at constant prices in the year 2004-2005. In the year 2011-12 the net domestic product in the district was Rs. 6,05,379 lakhs at current price and Rs. 3,54,892 lakhs at constant prices in the year 2004-2005.

It has a few schools but the lack of higher educational institutions in the district compels its students to go to some other place in order to take higher education. As per 2011 census the literacy rate in the district is 73.37% including 82.88% are males and 62.97% are females. The number of literates in the district is 17,99,832 including 10,61,783 are males and 7,38,049 are females.

Chhedi Paswan, a distinguished Indian politician and a member of 16th Lok Sabha (2014-2019) was born on 4th, February, 1956 at Sasaram in the Rohtas district. He was also served as a former member of Bihar Legislative Assembly. He is a member of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

The district has a variety of tourist places which allures numerous travellers from different parts of different parts of the country as well as world. Rohtas Garh, situated at a distance of 5 kms. west of Rohtas Block is named after Rohitaswa, son of Harishchandra. At that time Rohitaswa settled in this place and built a fort which is called Rohtasgarh fort. But according to some local tribes Rohtas means dry land. There are also some other prominent temples in this place. Hence, travellers visit this place due to its historical and religious significance or beauty. Sasaram is a place famous for the Tomb of Sher Shah, the second highest tomb in India. It is hexagonal in shape and made of stone during 16th century AD. Shergarh, a village situated at a distance of 13 kms. south of Chenari was a military cantonment during the regime of Sher shah Suri. There is a temple of Goddess Tarachandi in the district and devotees from far distance come to this temple to offer their prayers. Akbarpur, situated at the foot of Kaimur hills is named after the great Mughal emperor Akbar. Some other religious centres of attraction in the district are Dhurwan Kund and Gupta Dham, Bhaluni Dham, Deo Markandey, Rehal, etc.