Historically, this place was known as Guru Gram means "Village of the Guru" because it was presented to Guru Dronacharya by Kauravas and Pandavas as a token of training. Later, the name changed into Gurgaon. In the earlier period, it was a part of the huge kingdom ruled by Jat clan. It is also believe that the village of Guru Dronacharya, the teacher of Kauravas and Pandvas fell under the area occupied by this present day’s district. During the reign of Akbar, Gurugram was a part of his Delhi empire. After sometime the Mughal Empire started to decline and then the place was divided between some contending powers. Finally the region went into the hands of the British, with the last major administrative change in the year 1836. on the other hand after the Revolt of 1857, it was transferred from the North-Western Provinces to Punjab Province. In this way Gurgaon was emerged as a separate district in the map of Haryana state on 15th August, 1979.

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Geographically, the district has a total 1,258 sq km. area and occupies the rank 19th in State and 585th in India on the bases of this size. It lies at 28°44'N latitude, 76°99'E longitude and 220 m altitude. In the year 2021, there was a total 9.04% forest area of total geographical area. It is bordered by the district of Jhajjar and the Union Territory of Delhi. It is surrounded by Faridabad district on the East, Palwal and Mewat district on the south and Rewari district on the West. The climate of the district remains extremely hot in the summer and fairly cold in the winter. Under the Koppen climate classification, Gurgaon experiences a monsoon-influenced the humid subtropical climate. The actual rainfall in the district was 1017.5 mm in the year of 2021-22.

Administration wise, the district is divided into 5 sub-districts, 9 towns and 242 villages. Hindi is its official language. In the state of Haryana with an allotted district code of 86th district of Gurgaon came into existence on 15th August, 1979 with its administrative headquarters located at Gurgaon which is situated at a distance of 280 kms from the State Capital.

Demographically, according to the 2011 census, the district has a total number of 3,20,642 households with a total of 15,14,432 persons comprising 8,16,690 are males and 6,97,742 are females which causing it to rank 4th in the State and 328th in India. The sex ratio is pegged at 854 females for every 1000 males while the child ratio stands at 830 females per 1000 males. The schedule caste population of the district is recorded as 1,97,937 including 1,04,332 are males and 93,605 are females. The population growth rate during the period 2001 to 2011 was 73.96% including 73.58% were males and 74.42% were females. The population density in the district is 1,204 persons per sq. km. In the year 2020 the number of live births in the district was 41,438 out of which 21,664 were males and 19,771 were females. In the same year the number of deaths in the district was 13,618 out of which 8,896 were males and 4,722 were females. As per 2011 census the major religion in the district is Hindu with 93.03% of the total population. According to 2001 census the principal languages in the district are Hindi and Punjabi with 91.91% and 2.35%.

Economically, the district is dependent on industries primarily. The district is consisting of a large number of industries and offices. Numbers of Multi National Companies (MNC) are also available in Gurgaon city, on Manesar and Sohna Road. The GDDP or Gross District Domestic Product during the period 2005-06 was Rs. 20,03,147 lakh at Current Price and Rs. 14,97,767 lakh at Constant Prices during the period 1999-2000. The NDDP or Net District Domestic Product during the period 2005-06 was Rs. 17,81,419 lakh at Current Price and Rs. 13,29,442 lakh at Constant Prices during the period 1999-2000. The Per Capita Income or NDDP, at factor cost during the period 2011-12 was Rs. 4,46,305 lakh at Current Price during the period 2004-2005.

Education wise, according to 2011 census, the literacy rate is 84.7% out of which 90.46% are males and 77.98% are females. The total literate population of the district was 11,11,116 including 6,38,666 are males and 4,72,450 are females. Ansal Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Learning and Advanced Development (INLEAD), ITM University, Management Development Institute (MDI), School of Inspired Leadership (SOIL) and BML Munjal University are main management institutes here. Kendriya Vidyalaya AFS, American Montessori Public School, Amity International School, Aravali Public School, Blue Bells Public School and DAV Public School are one of the most famous schools of this region. A number of colleges are also available here which offer B.A., M.A., B.ed and M.ed courses.

Sukhbir Kataria is a politician. He was the member of Haryana Legislative Assembly in 2009. In 1995, Kataria served as the Vice-chairman of Block Samiti of Gurgaon and the Sarpanch of the Gurgaon village in 2000. He was also the Municipal Councilor of Gurgaon in 2005. Rao Dharampal is the member of the Indian National Congress. He served as M.L.A. thrice from Sohna in 1987, 1991 and 2000. He also held the position of Minister in Haryana Government during the period of 1991 to 1996. He was also the chairman of Haryana Pradesh Congress committee OBC cell of Haryana.

The district has several historical and religious places to visit. Some of the notable places of interest in the district are Dhankot, Saiyad, Ata, Sultanpur Lake Bird Sanctuary, Sohna Sulphur Springs and Tourist Complex, Shama Tourist Complex, Badshahpur Fort and Baoli, Baoli Ghaus Ali Shah, John Hall, Kingdom of Dreams, Mosque and Sarai of Ala Vardi Khan, Shish Mahal and many more. In the year 2020-2021, there were total 82,899 domestic tourists and 29 foreign tourists who visited the above places.