Khammam district is a district of Telangana state with its administrative headquarters located at Khammam city. In the pre historic period, perhaps the Palaeolithic human roamed around the places of lower Godavari valley and the nearby regions of Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem, Wyra, Sathupally and Paloncha Taluks in the district. Some prehistoric rock paintings were found during an archaeological excavation at the Neeladri konda near Lankapalli of Sathupally Taluk. Even some megalithic dolmens were also found at Janampet of Pinapaka Taluk. Recently some Megalithic cultural remnants were explored at Kistapuram and Padugonigudem villages in Gundala Taluk of the district. From the very beginning, Buddhism in the southern parts of the Khammam district was flourished. Some significant Buddhist sites in the district are Nelakondapalli, Mudigonda, Aswaraopeta and Karukonda near Kothagudem. After India got its independence, Hyderabad state was dissolved on 1st November, 1956 and then Khammam district became a part of Andhra Pradesh. Finally, Khammam along with nine other districts was emerged as a separate district of the newly formed state of Telangana on 2nd June, 2014.

Kondapalli Dasarath Kumar, an eminent Indian film, screenwriter, dialogue writer and director in Telugu cinema was born on 30th November, 1971 in the Khammam district. He is conferred with the Nandi Award for Best Feature Film, Bronze-Santosham in 2002.

Geographically, the district lies at 17°25' N latitude, 80°15' E longitude and 107 m altitude. In the year 2021, there was a total 33.99% forest area of total geographical area. The district encompasses a geographical area of 16,029 sq km. and it is bounded by Chhattisgarh on the North, Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh on the South, East Godavari district and West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh on the East, Warangal district of Andhra Pradesh on the North West and Nalgonda district of Andhra Pradesh on the South West. Most of its rainfall occurs in the monsoon season. The actual rainfall in the district was 1202.5 mm in the year of 2021-22.

Administration wise, the district is divided into 4 revenue divisions namely Bhadrachalam, Khammam, Kothagudem and Palwancha. Moreover, it comprises 46 sub-district, 14 towns and 1,223 villages. The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Khammam city. The administrative language in the district is Telugu.

According to 2011 the district has a population of 27,97,370 including 13,90,988 are males and 14,06,382 are females. The district has a sex ratio of 1011 (females for every 1000 males). During the year 2001-2011 the population growth rate in the district was 8.47% out of which 6.54% were males and 10.44% were females. As per 2011 census the major religion in the district is Hindu with 92.78% of the total population. The population density in the district is 175 (persons per sq. km.). In the year 2020 the number of live births in the district was 17,289 out of which 9,010 were males and 8,279 were females. In the same year the number of deaths in the district was 8,384 out of which 4,640 were males and 3,744 were females. As per 2011 census the principal languages in the district are Telugu and Hindi with 76.40% and 10.73%.

Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of the district. Most of the lands in the district are use for agricultural purposes. More than half of its population are engaged in agriculture in order to earn their livelihood. The climatic condition and soil texture of the district is also favourable for the agricultural crops. The chief agricultural products in the district are mango, banana, cashew, coconut, oil palm, cocoa, pepper etc. The irrigation facility of the district is very well developed. Nagarjunasagar Project is the major irrigation project in the district. But the district is scantily industrialised since it has only a few agro-based industries. In 2006 the Indian government declared Khammam as one of the country's 250 most backward districts and currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). In the year 2020-21 the gross domestic product in the district was Rs. 29,80,559 lakhs at current price and Rs. 17,85,454 lakhs at constant prices in the year 2011-2012. The net domestic product in the district during the period 2015-16 was Rs. 16,35,271 lakh at current price and Rs. 12,28,265 lakh at constant prices in the year 2011-2012. The Per Capita Income or NDDP, At Factor Cost during the period 2020-21 was Rs. 1,83,318 at current price and Rs. 1,07,439 at constant prices in the year 2011-2012.

The district is well known as an abode of several reputed educational institutions. It provides a platform for higher education. Swarna Bharathi Institute of Science and Technology is one of the most recognised engineering institutes in the district. Mamata Medical College, a renowned teaching hospital is also located in the city. As per 2011 census the literacy rate in the district is 64.81% including 72.3% are males and 57.44% are females. The total number of literates in the district is 16,30,234 out of which 9,01,640 are males and 7,28,594 are females.

Jalagam Vengal Rao, a veteran leader of the Indian National Congress party and the 5th Chief Minister of the Andhra Pradesh, now divided into two states Telangana and Andhra Pradesh was born on May, 1921 at Bayyannagudem in the Khammam district. Thummala Nageswara Rao, an illustrious member of Telangana Rashtra Samithi and currently serving as a minister for Heavy Water Irrigation Projects and Excise Roads and Buildings in the State Government of Telangana was born on 5th November, 1953 at the Gollagudem village of Dammapeta Mandal in the Khammam district.

The district has several centres of attraction which allures many travellers from different parts of the country as well as world. Every year a large number of tourists from far off places come to the places of interest in the district. It has a great variety of destinations likewise Bhadrachalam, Khammam Fort, Papi Kondalu, Kinnerasani Dam, Deer Park and many more.